What is Asthma?
Asthma is a condition that affects your lungs and can begin at any age, though it’s commonly diagnosed in childhood. It causes the airways to become inflamed and sensitive, narrowing them and making breathing harder. This inflammation can flare up from certain triggers such as allergens, cold air, or exercise.
Asthma is typically classed as intermittent asthma, where symptoms come and go, and persistent asthma, where symptoms are more regular and may require daily treatment. Sometimes, asthma and COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) might present together, known as asthma copd overlap syndrome (ACOS).
What Are The Symptoms of Asthma?
Asthma symptoms can vary in intensity and frequency depending on the person. Common signs include:
- A wheezing sound when breathing, especially when exhaling
- A frequent cough, often worse at night or early morning
- Feeling short of breath or finding it hard to catch your breath
- Tightness or discomfort in the chest
- Symptoms worsening after exposure to certain triggers, such as pollen or smoke.
Not everyone with asthma experiences all of these symptoms; some may only notice issues occasionally, while others live with more persistent discomfort.
What Causes Asthma?
There isn’t a single known cause of asthma, but it’s believed to develop due to a combination of factors, including:
- Genetics: People with a family history of asthma or allergies are more likely to develop it.
- Allergies: Having allergies increases the likelihood of asthma.
- Environment: Exposure to irritants such as smoke, fumes, or even cold air can trigger asthma.
- Respiratory infections: Certain conditions or infections, such as the common cold, can damage children’s developing lungs.
How is Asthma Diagnosed?
After an initial appointment to discuss your medical history and symptoms, your doctor will use some common breathing tests to determine an asthma diagnosis and the best course of treatment. These tests include:
- Spirometry: A simple test that measures how much air you can breathe out and how quickly.
- FeNO testing: This measures the level of nitric oxide in your breath, which can indicate inflammation in your airways.
- Peak flow test: Done over time, this measures how fast you can breathe out and helps identify changes in your lung function.
What Treatments Are There For Asthma?
The best treatment for asthma will depend on the type and severity of your condition. However, the most common treatment are inhalers. These devices deliver medication directly into the lungs to relieve or prevent symptoms, and are classed as:
- Preventer inhalers: Used daily to reduce inflammation and lower the risk of an asthma attack.
- Reliever inhalers: Used as needed to quickly ease symptoms during a flare-up.
- Combination inhalers: These are for people with more persistent asthma who may need both types of medication.
In some cases, additional medicine may be prescribed if inhalers alone aren’t effective. Your doctor will help decide on the most suitable treatment and may recommend regular check-ups to keep your asthma under control.
Living With Asthma
Living with asthma means finding a balance that allows you to carry on with daily life while keeping symptoms at bay. This might include:
- Stopping smoking, if you do
- Keeping physically active
- Eating a healthy, balanced diet
- Avoiding known asthma triggers, such as pollen, dust, or strong fragrances
- Following a personalised asthma action plan to stay on top of symptoms.
Regular check-ups with your GP or asthma nurse can also help keep your treatment on track and adapt your plan if things change.
When To Get Help For Asthma
You should speak to your doctor if:
- Your symptoms are becoming more frequent or severe.
- You’re waking up at night due to coughing or breathlessness.
- You’ve needed to use your reliever inhaler more often.
- You notice new symptoms or changes to your breathing.
- You’ve recently had an asthma attack.
How Can I Prevent An Asthma Attack?
Asthma attacks can be frightening, but many can be prevented with careful management. Here are a few helpful steps:
Take your medication as prescribed, even if you’re feeling well.
- Use a preventer inhaler daily, if recommended.
- Keep your reliever inhaler with you at all times.
- Be aware of your asthma triggers and try to avoid them.
- Monitor your symptoms using a peak flow meter to spot changes early.
- Stick to your asthma action plan and review it regularly with your doctor.
If you feel an asthma attack coming on, stay calm, sit upright, and use your reliever inhaler. Seek medical help if symptoms don’t improve.
Why Go Private with Mid Ulster Clinic For Your Asthma Management?
Though asthma is a long-term condition, it can be easily managed with the right care. Choosing private care gives you that peace of mind and a more personalised experience. Here’s what we offer:
Fast access to expert care
- Consultations with experienced respiratory professionals
- Comprehensive asthma testing, including spirometry and FeNO
- Tailored treatment plans designed around your lifestyle
- Ongoing support to help manage your condition with confidence
- Comfortable, private setting where your concerns are always listened to.
We’re here to help you breathe easier – and live better. Book an appointment today.
- Medically Reviewed
